“Articles / Chapters” provides a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of otolaryngology. These articles are mainly intended for use by medical professionals.
Middle Ear Hearing Implants – An Overview
Middle ear hearing implants belongs to the group of Implantable Acoustics or Mechanical hearing devices which are used in rehabilitative management of patients with hearing loss, offering an alternative to […]
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Subglottic Stenosis – Clinical Features and Treatment
Subglottic stenosis is a clinical condition occurring due to the narrowing of the subglottic lumen of the larynx (voice box) at the region of the cricoid cartilage. Based on the […]
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Lymph Node Levels of Head and Neck
There are around 800 lymph nodes in the human body and of these approximately 300 are in the head and neck region. Pathological conditions including tumors, infection and inflammation, etc. […]
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First bite syndrome – Clinical presentation, Diagnosis and Treatment
First bite syndrome is a clinical condition occurring as a complication of surgeries involving the infratemporal fossa, deep lobe of the parotid gland, parapharyngeal spaces and manipulation or ligature of […]
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Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS)
Thyroid nodules are extremely common with a reported prevalence ranging between 8.2% and 64.6% in autopsies and 19% to 68% in adults on high-resolution ultrasound. Most of the time, thyroid […]
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ATA Risk Stratification for Differentiated Thyroid Cancers
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and the prevalence of differentiated thyroid cancer is becoming increasing worldwide. Among the differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and […]
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AJCC / TNM Staging of thyroid cancers
After the diagnosis of any cancer in the body, doctors stage cancer. Staging of thyroid cancers describes how big it is and whether it has spread to any other parts […]
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Histopathological Variants of Papillary Carcinoma Thyroid
Papillary carcinoma thyroid (PTC) is the most common differentiated malignancy of thyroid gland. Depending on the different histopathological patterns, cell types and clinical features different variants of papillary carcinoma thyroid […]
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Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis – Clinical features, Diagnosis and Treatment
Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP) also known as juvenile-onset laryngeal papillomatosis/ laryngeal papillomatosis, is a rare airway disease characterized by the development of small, wart-like growths (papillomas) anywhere in the respiratory […]
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Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL) – Clinical presentation, Diagnosis and Treatment
Sudden hearing loss (SHL) is an emergency clinical condition characterized by a rapid-onset subjective sensation of hearing impairment in one or both ears. When not recognized and managed promptly, sudden […]
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Sudden Hearing Loss: Updated Clinical Practice Guideline
Sudden hearing loss (SHL), defined as a rapid-onset subjective sensation of hearing impairment in one or both ears is an emergency in the ear-nose-throat clinical practice. If not recognized and […]
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Malignant Otitis Externa – Clinical presentation, Diagnosis and Treatment
Malignant otitis externa (MOE) is an aggressive and potentially life-threatening infection of the soft tissues of the external ear and its surrounding structures, which quickly spreads to involve periosteum and […]
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Compartment Surgery in Oral Cancers
Main modality of treatment for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma is surgery. Patients with advanced risk factors like margin positivity, perineural invasion, advanced disease, etc need postoperative radiotherapy. Significant advances […]
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Tracheoesophageal Prosthesis (TEP Speech)
Total laryngectomy is a surgical procedure, most commonly done in cancers of the larynx (voice box). In this procedure, the entire voice box is taken off and a permanent hole […]
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Temporal bone cancer staging systems
Staging of cancers is essential for patient counseling, treatment planning, predict treatment outcome and survival. Most commonly followed staging system for head and neck malignancies is the Tumor, Node, Metastasis […]
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