“Articles / Chapters” provides a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of otolaryngology. These articles are mainly intended for use by medical professionals.
TNM Staging of Oropharyngeal Cancer – Updates in AJCC 8th Edition
The recently released 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Staging Manual, Head and Neck Section, introduces significant modifications from the prior 7th edition. In the head and neck […]
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Indications and Contraindications for total laryngectomy
Total laryngectomy is a surgical procedure mostly done for malignancies involving the larynx. In this surgery, the entire larynx (voice box) is removed by resecting the trachea and bringing out […]
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Laryngomalacia – clinical features, surgical and medical management
Laryngomalacia also called “Dis-coordinate pharyngo-laryngomalacia” is the most common congenital lesion of the larynx (60-70%) and is the most common cause of congenital stridor in neonates and infants. The condition […]
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Thyroglossal cyst – Pathogenesis, Clinical features and Treatment options
Thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) is a frequent congenital midline anomaly of the neck which usually manifests during the first decade of life. TDC is an epithelial lined tract that connects the tongue […]
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Noise Induced Hearing loss (NIHL)
Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) is defined as reduction in auditory acuity (hearing ability) associated with long term exposure to loud sounds. It is the second most common form of sensorineural […]
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Total Laryngectomy – Evolution, Workup, Surgical steps and Complications
Total laryngectomy is a surgical procedure in which the entire larynx is removed by resecting the trachea and bringing out the lower stump as a respiratory opening in the anterior […]
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TNM Staging of Lip and Oral Cavity cancers – AJCC 8th Edition
The recently released 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Staging Manual, Head and Neck Section, introduces significant modifications from the prior 7th edition. In this article, we discuss […]
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TNM AJCC Staging of Head & Neck Cancers
Staging of cancer refers to the classification of cancer by its anatomic disease extent, i.e, how large the tumor is, and if it has spread. This staging system of cancer […]
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Clinical practice guidelines for tonsillectomy
Tonsillectomy is the second most commonly performed surgery in the United States with more than 5,30,000 procedures performed on children younger than 15 years each year. Although tonsillectomy is a […]
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Staging systems for Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is an uncommon, slow-growing, benign but locally invasive vascular tumor arising from tissues in the sphenopalatine foramen inside the nasal cavity. JNAs are also reported to […]
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Ranula – Clinical presentation, diagnosis and management
Ranula is an uncommon clinical condition characterized by a translucent, blue cystic swelling in the floor of the mouth, arising due to accumulation of extravasated mucus from the sublingual salivary […]
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Clinical Practice Guidelines for management of Dysphonia
Dysphonia or impaired voice production is a clinical condition characterized by altered vocal quality, pitch, loudness, or vocal effort that impairs communication and/or quality of life. This is a very […]
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Incomplete Cochlear Partition Type I
Inner ear malformations (IEM) represent about 20%–35% of the etiology of congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Incomplete cochlear partition anomalies characterize a group of IEM with normal cochlear location, external […]
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Velopharyngeal Insufficiency
Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VI) is the inability to temporarily close the connection between nasopharynx and oropharynx, due to an anatomical dysfunction in soft palate (velum), lateral pharyngeal wall or posterior pharyngeal […]
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Carotid Body Tumors / Chemodectoma – Clinical features and Treatment
Carotid body tumor, also known as carotid body paraganglioma or chemodectoma, is a highly vascular tumor, arising from chromaffin (paraganglion) cells of the extra-adrenal tissues in the carotid body. Anatomy […]
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