Vocal Cord Polyps – Clinical features, Treatment
Vocal cord polyps are benign (noncancerous) swelling of greater than 3mm that arise from free edges of true vocal cords, localized area of edematous tissue, usually unilateral. Some may be […]
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Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis – Clinical features, Diagnosis and Treatment
Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP) also known as juvenile-onset laryngeal papillomatosis/ laryngeal papillomatosis, is a rare airway disease characterized by the development of small, wart-like growths (papillomas) anywhere in the respiratory […]
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Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Scoring Systems
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) can be defined as chronic irritation of larynx caused by the abnormal backflow of gastric contents into the upper airway, mostly due to upper esophageal sphincter dysfunction. […]
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Laryngeal Exposure (Opening) Scores
Direct laryngoscopy is a routine procedure conducted to visualize the larynx (voice box), to access, evaluate and treat voice problems. Usually, the laryngoscope is placed through the mouth and the […]
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Indications and Contraindications for total laryngectomy
Total laryngectomy is a surgical procedure mostly done for malignancies involving the larynx. In this surgery, the entire larynx (voice box) is removed by resecting the trachea and bringing out […]
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ENT Quiz – Progressive loss of voice in a 2 year old female child
A 2-year-old female child presented with complaints of progressive loss of voice for the past 6 months. She had no history to suggestive voice abuse, foreign body inhalation, cough or […]
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Laryngomalacia – clinical features, surgical and medical management
Laryngomalacia also called “Dis-coordinate pharyngo-laryngomalacia” is the most common congenital lesion of the larynx (60-70%) and is the most common cause of congenital stridor in neonates and infants. The condition […]
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Total Laryngectomy – Evolution, Workup, Surgical steps and Complications
Total laryngectomy is a surgical procedure in which the entire larynx is removed by resecting the trachea and bringing out the lower stump as a respiratory opening in the anterior […]
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Replacement of trachea with aortic grafts – a novel treatment for tracheal stenosis
Replacement of trachea after extensive resection still remains as a major challenge for the thoracic surgeons even after decades of intensive research. End to end anastomosis is difficult or almost […]
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Clinical Practice Guidelines for management of Dysphonia
Dysphonia or impaired voice production is a clinical condition characterized by altered vocal quality, pitch, loudness, or vocal effort that impairs communication and/or quality of life. This is a very […]
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