“Articles / Chapters” provides a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of otolaryngology. These articles are mainly intended for use by medical professionals.
Velopharyngeal Insufficiency
Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VI) is the inability to temporarily close the connection between nasopharynx and oropharynx, due to an anatomical dysfunction in soft palate (velum), lateral pharyngeal wall or posterior pharyngeal […]
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Carotid Body Tumors / Chemodectoma – Clinical features and Treatment
Carotid body tumor, also known as carotid body paraganglioma or chemodectoma, is a highly vascular tumor, arising from chromaffin (paraganglion) cells of the extra-adrenal tissues in the carotid body. Anatomy […]
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Shamblin classification of carotid body tumors
Carotid body tumour, also known as a chemodectoma or carotid body paraganglioma, are highly vascular tumors arising from the paraganglion cells of the carotid body. These tumors are located at the site of […]
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Calcific prevertebral tendinitis
Acute calcific prevertebral tendinitis also is known as calcific retropharyngeal tendinitis or prevertebral calcific tendinitis is a self-limiting clinical condition due to calcification and inflammation of longus colli muscle and […]
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Bethesda system for Thyroid Malignancies 2007, 2017 and 2023 Updates
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a corner stone investigation done in the evaluation of thyroid lesion. It is a simple, safe, quick and cost-effective outpatient procedure for diagnosing thyroid […]
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Tubercle of Zuckerkandl
Zuckerkandl Tubercle (ZT) is the posterior projection of lateral lobes of the thyroid gland and is a common anatomical structure observed in 60-90% of cases. The tubercle was first described by […]
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Patulous eustachian tube
The patulous eustachian tube also known as patent Eustachian tube (PET) is a rare physiological disorder of the eustachian tube, in which a normally closed Eustachian tube stays open intermittently. […]
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Diphtheria
Diphtheria is a life-threatening acute bacterial infectious condition caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The usual site of infection is the tonsils and oropharynx, but the disease can occur in nasal cavities, larynx or […]
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Treatment of allergic rhinitis in pregnancy
Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects 20-30% of women in the childbearing age group with an annually increasing prevalence. The classical clinical symptoms include sneezing, itching, nasal blockage, and nasal discharge. In […]
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