“Articles / Chapters” provides a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of otolaryngology. These articles are mainly intended for use by medical professionals.
Sialolithiasis / Salivary Stones – Clinical features, Treatment options
Sialolithiasis, or the formation of salivary stones, is a common disease affecting the salivary glands. The presence of stones (calculi) within the salivary gland ductal system or glandular tissue can […]
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Eagle syndrome or Styalgia: Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Treatment
Eagle syndrome, also known as styalgia, stylohyoid syndrome, styloid syndrome, or styloid–carotid artery syndrome, is a rare clinical condition resulting from an elongated or malformed styloid process. This abnormality can […]
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Tonsillectomy – Indications, Contraindications and Complications
Tonsillectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the complete removal of both palatine tonsils from the back of the throat. This operation is primarily performed to treat recurrent tonsillitis, throat […]
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HIV Associated Salivary Gland Disease
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) associated salivary gland disease is seen in 4-8% of adults and children with HIV, most commonly present as enlarged gland. The condition is one of the […]
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Mumps / Epidemic parotitis / Viral parotitis
Parotitis is a clinical condition marked by the swelling and inflammation of the parotid glands. It can arise from various causes, including obstruction of the parotid duct (such as sialolithiasis), […]
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Lemierre’s syndrome
Lemierre’s syndrome (also known as postanginal septicemia) is a rare, life-threatening complication of oropharyngeal / deep neck space infections (parapharyngeal abscess, retropharyngeal abscess etc..) with significant mortality. It is the septic […]
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Retropharyngeal Abscess – Clinical Presentation and Treatment
Retropharyngeal abscess is a potentially life-threatening condition, when infection tracts to lymphoid tissue between posterior pharyngeal wall and prevertebral fascia. Anatomy of Retropharyngeal space The retropharyngeal space lies immediately posterior […]
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Parapharyngeal Abscess
Parapharyngeal abscess is a life-threatening infection, due to spread of infection to the parapharyngeal space. Epidemiology Can occur in any age group Most common causes are tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess, dental […]
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Parapharyngeal Space Anatomy and Clinical Importance
Parapharyngeal space (PPS) is a potential space filled with fat and areolar tissue, lying laterally on either side of pharynx, bounded and subdivided by various condensation of fascia. It is […]
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Peritonsillar abscess / Quinsy – Clinical presentation and Treatment
Peritonsillar abscess commonly known as Quinsy is localized collections of pus in the peritonsillar space usually occurs as a complication of acute tonsillitis. Peritonsillar space fibrous capsule of palatine tonsils […]
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Acute Tonsillitis – Clinical presentation and Treatment
Acute tonsillitis is an inflammatory condition of tonsil lasting less than 3 weeks duration. The tonsils are composed of lymphatic tissue and are a component of Waldeyer’s ring in the […]
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Anatomy and Physiology of Tonsils
Tonsils are a pair of small, soft tissue masses located at the back of the throat, one on each side. Scientifically, tonsils are part of the lymphatic system and are […]
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Waldeyer’s ring
Waldeyer’s ring is a ring of lymphoid tissue surrounding the nasopharynx and oropharynx. These are sites of first immunological contact for antigens in childhood. These are also called nasal-associated lymphoid tissue […]
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DISE – Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy
Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) has emerged as a valuable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of snoring, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) offering unique insights into upper airway dynamics during sleep. Prior to […]
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Vocal Cord Polyps – Clinical features, Treatment
Vocal cord polyps are benign (noncancerous) swelling of greater than 3mm that arise from free edges of true vocal cords, localized area of edematous tissue, usually unilateral. Some may be […]
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